Peter's martyrdom in Rome (traditional)

c. 64 CENotable

Early Christian tradition holds that the apostle Peter led the church in Rome and was executed there under Nero. Later bishops of Rome based their authority on succession from him.

Longest chain: The Big Bang → First stars ignite → Supernovae seed heavy elements → The Sun forms → Earth forms → First oceans → First life → Photosynthesis evolves → Great Oxidation Event → Complex cells (eukaryotes) → Multicellular life → First animals → Cambrian Explosion → First vertebrates → Jawed fish → Fish walk onto land → The amniotic egg → The Great Dying → Dinosaurs appear → Asteroid ends the dinosaurs → Early primates → Apes split from monkeys → Human line splits from chimpanzees → Walking upright → First stone tools → Genus Homo appears → Homo erectus → Control of fire → Habitual fire and cooking → Homo sapiens appears → Complex language → Natufian villages → Oldest known bread → Agriculture begins → Irrigation → Uruk and the first cities → Cylinder seals → Writing (cuneiform) → Akkadian Empire → Neo-Assyrian Empire → Persian Empire founded → Cyrus Cylinder → Return from exile and the Second Temple → Birth of Jesus (traditional date) → Jesus of Nazareth crucified → Empty tomb and Resurrection appearances (Gospels) → Paul's conversion on the road to Damascus (Acts) → Paul spreads Christianity → Peter's martyrdom in Rome (traditional)